DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO="static" NM_CONTROLLED="no" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR=192.168.1.101 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
Category Archives: Linux
Linux Basic Command – Directory Access Rights
In linux there the file access is based under three categories
CurrentUser - Users in Group - Other Users
drwxr-xr-x
drwxr – CurrentUser can read, write and execute
xr – Users in Group can read and execute
x – Users can execute
>>ls -l -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 14 17:19 test.txt
The test.txt file has only Read and Write access (rw) for Current User – Read access for Users in Group – Read access for other Users
>>chmod u+x test.txt
Now the test.txt file has Execute access along with Read and Write as below
>>ls -l -rwxr--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 14 17:19 test.txt
Giving Read wrtite to Group
>>chmod g+r test.txt
Giving read right to Current User, Group Users and Other Users
>>chmod a+r test.txt
Giving Execute right to Other Users
>>chmod o+x test.txt
rwx – 111 7
r-x – 101 5
rw- – 110 6
rw- – 101 4
-wx – 011 3
-w- – 010 2
–x – 001 1
— – 000 0
Example of binary format
>>chmod 752 test.txt
Current User can rwx
Group User can r-x
Other User can -w-
Giving Multiple Permission for Multiple User Types at Once
>>chmod u+r, o+x test.txt
Linux Basic Commands – Directory Navigation
How folders are organized
when you enter terminal the default location it takes is the location of the folder of the current user which
comes under /home/mugil(user logged In)
How to Login as a Root User
>> su Password:
R
Logout of Root User
>> exit
Current Working Directory
>> pwd
Navigate Backward
>> cd .. >> cd ../..
Navigate Forward
>> cd home/mugil
Home Directory
>> cd ~
Equivalent to Microsoft User Directory i.e My Documents
How to reset admin password
>> sudo passwd
How to Find Directory Files info
>> ls -l
Touch- Creates a Time Stamp
>> touch test.txt
If the file does not exist it creates new once else it updates just the time
Make new Directory
>> mkdir NewFolder
Moving File within folder that exist
>> mv test.txt NewFolder/
Copying File within folder that exist
Copies test.txt to NewFolder
>> cp test.txt NewFolder/
Copies test.txt to one folder above
>> cp test.txt ..
Deleting File that exist
>> rm test.txt
Deleting File in folder that is not empty
-r recursive
>> rm -r NewFolder/
CentOS Misc Terminal Commands
How to Find Host and Domain Name
Terminal Command
hostname
How to create a Virtual Host in CentOS 6.3
After installing apache in CentOS it would go to Apache 2 Test Page.
To locate this directory you need to go to /var/www/
In this directory you can create your file which you needs to run.
To set up Virtual Host navigate to /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf file
Open the file in gedit or editor of your preference.
Add the lines below
<VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/sample/ ServerName virtualhost1 </VirtualHost>
The document root points out to sample older in www directory
The server name is virtual host name you type in URL
You should also add the code in /etc/hosts file
127.0.0.1 virtualhost1
Once this is done dont forget to restart apache server in terminal by typing service httpd.restart
Now you are ready to go now.Open the browser and type http://virtualhost1/
Cheers!!!
Protected: How to run PHP file from Cron Job Cent OS 6
How to install wine in CentOS 6.3
To install Wine in CentOS first check for yum Update using the below Command
yum check-update
Once this is done type
yum install wine
download mysql workbench for centos 6.3
In the Platform you should select Oracle & Redhat
How to install apache in CentOS Terminal
Install Apache Server in Terminal CentOS
yum install httpd
Check Status of Apache Server
/etc/init.d/httpd status
Start Apache Server
/etc/init.d/httpd start
Start MySQL Terminal
/etc/init.d/service mysqld start
Check Status of MySQL
/etc/init.d/service mysqld status
Linux Basics
What is Shell?
Computer understand the language of 0’s and 1’s called binary language.In eaarly days of computing, instruction are provided using binary language, which is difficult for all of us, to read and write. So in Os there is special program called Shell. Shell accepts your instruction or commands in English (mostly) and if its a valid command, it is pass to kernel.
Shell is a user program or it’s environment provided for user interaction. Shell is an command language interpreter that executes commands read from the standard input device (keyboard) or from a file.
Shell is not part of system kernel, but uses the system kernel to execute programs, create files etc.
Several shell available with Linux including:Bash, CSH, KSH, TCSH
To Find the list of Shells available in your system Type the below in your terminal
cat /etc/shells
Any of the above shell reads command from user (via Keyboard or Mouse) and tells Linux Os what users want.
To find the current shell you are using now use the below command
echo $SHELL
what is Shell script?
“Shell Script is series of command written in plain text file. Shell script is just like batch file is MS-DOS but have more power than the MS-DOS batch file.”