Daily Archives: September 17, 2020

Stub vs Mockito

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Below is a simple class which uses stub for Testing

  1. Below is a simple business implementation class which EmployeeDetailsImpl which uses EmployeeService API methods
  2. Now to test EmployeeDetailsImpl we need to substitude the methods in service class with stub methods for which we create EmployeeServiceStub
  3. EmployeeServiceStub is a stub class which implements the EmployeeService and provide method definitions
  4. EmployeeDetailsImplTest is the test class for EmployeeDetailsImpl which performs the unittest for methods in EmployeeDetailsImpl

EmployeeService.java

 
import java.util.List;

public interface EmployeeService {
    public List<String> GetEmployeeDetails();
}

EmployeeDetailsImpl.java

 
import com.mugil.org.api.EmployeeService;

import java.util.List;

public class EmployeeDetailsImpl {
    EmployeeService employeeService;

    public EmployeeDetailsImpl(EmployeeService pEmployeeService){
        this.employeeService = pEmployeeService;
    }

    public List<String> getEmployeeList(){
        List<String> arrEmp = this.employeeService.GetEmployeeDetails();
        return arrEmp;
    }
}

EmployeeServiceStub.java

 
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class EmployeeServiceStub  implements  EmployeeService{

    @Override
    public List<String> GetEmployeeDetails() {
        return Arrays.asList("Mugil", "Mani", "Vinu");
    }
}

EmployeeDetailsImplTest.java

 
import com.mugil.org.api.EmployeeServiceStub;
import org.junit.Test;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class EmployeeDetailsImplTest {
    @Test
    public void getEmployeeList_success(){
        EmployeeServiceStub employeeService = new  EmployeeServiceStub();
        EmployeeDetailsImpl employeeDetailsImpl = new EmployeeDetailsImpl(employeeService);
        assertEquals(3, employeeDetailsImpl.getEmployeeList().size());
    }
}

Dis-advantage of the above implementation

  1. In the above implementation when ever new method is added to the API interface, it should be added to the EmployeeServiceStub which implements EmployeeService
  2. EmployeeServiceStub is extra java file which should be taken care, incase there are multiple services used in class multiple service stub needs to be created

Replacing stub with mocks
In the below code, the same stub service(EmployeeServiceStub.java) is replaced with mock class and its methods are replaced using when and return.This prevents the need for another class

EmployeeDetailsImplTest.java

 
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

public class EmployeeDetailsImplTest {
    @Test
    public void getEmployeeList_success(){
     
        //Replacement code for Stub class
        EmployeeService employeeService = mock(EmployeeService.class);
        when(employeeService.GetEmployeeDetails()).thenReturn(Arrays.asList("Mugil", "Mani", "Vinu"));

        EmployeeDetailsImpl employeeDetailsImpl = new EmployeeDetailsImpl(employeeService);
        assertEquals(3, employeeDetailsImpl.getEmployeeList().size());
    }
}

Mockito Basics

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In the below code we are going to mock the List Interface and override the method behaviour of List Methods
Methods mocked

  1. get(index)
  2. size()
  3. exception

ListTest.java 

package com.mugil.org;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class ListTest {
    List arrEmployee;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        arrEmployee = mock(List.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void ListMock_SizeMethod(){
        when(arrEmployee.size()).thenReturn(3);
        assertEquals(3, arrEmployee.size());
    }

    @Test
    public void ListMock_GetMethod(){
        when(arrEmployee.get(0)).thenReturn("Employee1");
        when(arrEmployee.get(1)).thenReturn("Employee2");
        when(arrEmployee.get(2)).thenReturn("Employee3");

        assertEquals("Employee2", arrEmployee.get(1));
        assertNotEquals(null, arrEmployee.get(2));
    }

    @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
    public void ListMock_ThrowException(){
        when(arrEmployee.get(anyInt())).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());
        arrEmployee.get(1);
    }
}